Imaging Examination for Diagnosing Acute and Chronic Appendicitis in Children

Abstract

Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain in children requiring immediate surgical intervention. Diagnosis is often challenging due to nonspecific clinical symptoms, particularly in younger children. Diagnostic imaging plays a crucial role in establishing a rapid and accurate diagnosis. Ultrasonography (US) is the preferred initial modality because it is safe, non-invasive, and radiation-free. Computed Tomography (CT) offers higher sensitivity and specificity and can detect complications; however, its use is limited by radiation exposure. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) serves as a radiation-free alternative with high diagnostic accuracy, though its use remains limited by cost and availability. A stepwise approach using US as the first-line test followed by CT or MRI when results are inconclusive is considered effective in reducing negative appendectomy rates and complications. Selecting the appropriate imaging modality according to the child’s clinical condition and available resources is essential for optimal diagnosis.